Glaucoma
Lifestyle modifications
NUTRITION
Frequency of coffee/caffeine intake may be associated with progression of glaucoma (1)
Some food supplements may reduce intraocular pressure up to 2.0 mmHg (1)
Higher dietary nitrate and green leafy vegetable intake was associated with lower risk of POAG (2)
Following a Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet was associated with reduced risk (OR 0.8) of developing open angle glaucoma (3)
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Moderate aerob exercise may reduce intraocular pressure up to 3.0 mmHg (1)
Potential negative effects are associated with yoga and weight lifting exercises (1)
SLEEP
Sleeping with the head elevated, and at the same time avoiding the worst eye-dependent side during sleep has shown to reduce intraocular pressure and reduce visual field loss (1)
References
1) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27743157/
2) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/article-abstract/2480455
3) https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-022-03003-w
Resources
EXPLANATION TO EVIDENCE PRESENTATION
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Evidence based on guidelines and evidence based Clinical Decision Systems is written in BOLD
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Evidence based on meta analysis or systematic reviews is written in BOLD and CURSIVE
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Evidence based on randomized controlled trials is written in plain font
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Evidence based on observational / cohort studies is written in CURSIVE
Figure: Evidence pyramid