Leg cramps
Lifestyle modifications
Lifestyle related risk factors
Physical inactivity (2)
Prolonged sitting (2)
Excessive sweating without salt replacement (2)
Alcoholism (2)
Iron deficiency anemia (2)
Prevention
Sleep with the foot in dorsal flexion (1)
Daily stretching exercises (2)
For sedentary people: Bike on a stationary bike before bedtime (2)
Avoiding dehydration (2)
Avoid alcohol and caffeine (2)
Vitamin B complex (2)
Vitamin E (800 E) before bed (2)
OTHER
Stretching, active or passive, of the affected muscle will in most cases stop the cramp (1)
Walking (2)
A hot shower (2)
Ice massage (2)
References
Resources

EXPLANATION TO EVIDENCE PRESENTATION
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Evidence based on guidelines and evidence based Clinical Decision Systems is written in BOLD
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Evidence based on meta analysis or systematic reviews is written in BOLD and CURSIVE
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Evidence based on randomized controlled trials is written in plain font
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Evidence based on observational / cohort studies is written in CURSIVE
Figure: Evidence pyramid