Parkinson's disease

NUTRITION

• Persons with Parkinson disease who are old are at risk for weight loss, reduced bone health and muscle mass, and malnutrition (1)

• A healthy dietary pattern, e.g. MIND diet, may prevent or slow the progression of Parkinson disease (1)

• High intake of fiber, satisfactory fluid intake and exercise may reduce symptoms of constipation (1)

• Dietary protein restriction may be useful in patients with advanced disease where amino acids compete with L-dopa for absorption (1)

• Avoid large meals high in fats, whic slow gastric emptying and interfer with medication absorption (1)

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

• May help to slow the progression of motor symptoms of parkinson disease (1)

• May improve non-motor symptoms (1)

• May reduce secondary effects of rigidity and a flexed position, such as pain in shoulders, back and hips (1)

• Focus on exercise that improve balance, strength and flexibility (1)

SOCIAL

• Social connectedness is recommended, as patients with Parkinsons disease are at risk of loneliness and social isolation, specially in later stages of the disease (1)

• Loneliness is associated with increased PD symptoms (1)