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Parkinson's disease

Lifestyle modifications

NUTRITION

  • Persons with Parkinson disease who are old are at risk for weight loss, reduced bone health and muscle mass, and malnutrition (1)

  • A healthy dietary pattern, e.g. MIND diet, may prevent or slow the progression of Parkinson disease (1)

  • High intake of fiber, satisfactory fluid intake and exercise may reduce symptoms of constipation (1)

  • Dietary protein restriction may be useful in patients with advanced disease where amino acids compete with L-dopa for absorption (1)

  • Avoid large meals high in fats, whic slow gastric emptying and interfer with medication absorption (1)


PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

  • May help to slow the progression of motor symptoms of parkinson disease (1)

  • May improve non-motor symptoms (1)

  • May reduce secondary effects of rigidity and a flexed position, such as pain in shoulders, back and hips (1)

  • Focus on exercise that improve balance, strength and flexibility (1)


SOCIAL

  • Social connectedness is recommended, as patients with Parkinsons disease are at risk of loneliness and social isolation, specially in later stages of the disease (1)

  • Loneliness is associated with increased PD symptoms (1)

References

Resources

Evidence Pyramid

EXPLANATION TO EVIDENCE PRESENTATION

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Evidence based on guidelines and evidence based Clinical Decision Systems is written in BOLD

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Evidence based on meta analysis or systematic reviews is written in BOLD and CURSIVE

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Evidence based on randomized controlled trials is written in plain font

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Evidence based on observational / cohort studies is written in CURSIVE

Figure: Evidence pyramid

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